Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic procedures assist healthcare providers in ruling out diseases that present with same symptoms, such as various forms of arthritis.

• Imaging test:
  • X-ray: a test that creates images of bones using X-rays, which are invisible electromagnetic energy beams. An evaluation of bone anatomy, vertebral column alignment, and curvature can be obtained through the use of plain film X-rays. It also be used to detect specific skeletal anomalies including bone spurs, disc space narrowing, vertebral body fracture, collapse, or erosion.
  • CT scan: a diagnostic imaging process that creates precise images of the body using a combination of x-rays and computer technology. Any aspect of the body, including the bones, muscles, fat, and organs, can be seen in great detail on a CT scan.
  • MRI: a diagnostic process that creates precise images of the body’s organs and structures using a mix of big magnetic, radio waves, and computers.

Treatment

The calcification or bone growth linked to DISH cannot be stopped by treatment. Instead, treatment focuses on symptom management and delaying the progression of the illness.

DISH can be treated in the following:

• Hot compress: Warm compresses can help relieving the pain and stiffness.
• Medication: Anti-inflammatory medications, such as non-steroid anti-inflammatory (NSAIDS) medications, are used in treatment. Healthcare providers may also recommend corticosteroid injections, or muscle relaxant medication.
• Physical therapy: Certain exercises can assist increase mobility and minimize stiffness.
• Surgery: Surgery may occasionally be needed to address structural issues with the spine. Patients with neck bone spurs who experience difficulties swallowing may potentially be candidates for surgery.

Surgery to decompress the spinal cord may be necessary if DISH has led to bone spurs in and around the spine and if these bony growths start to press on the spinal cord and/or nerve roots. Moreover, surgery is necessary to correct fractures brought on by DISH. Surgery to decompress the spinal cord may be required if these fractures start to compress the spinal cord and/or nerve roots.

A spinal fusion may be carried out in specific circumstances by the surgeon to guarantee that the spinal column is stable following treatment. In order to allow the bones to fuse together during a spinal fusion, the surgeon may insert a bone in the gap.